Bilim, t\u0131p ve sanat tarihinin kesi\u015fti\u011fi en dikkat \u00e7ekici eserlerden biri, XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda \u015eiraz\u2019da kaleme al\u0131nan Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Beden-i \u0130nsan<\/em>d\u0131r. Daha \u00e7ok Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em>, yani \u201cMans\u00fbr\u2019un Anatomisi\u201d ad\u0131yla bilinen bu Fars\u00e7a eser; insan iskeletini, sinirlerini, kaslar\u0131n\u0131, toplardamarlar\u0131n\u0131 ve atardamarlar\u0131n\u0131 renkli tam beden \u00e7izimleriyle anlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Eserin m\u00fcellifi Mans\u00fbr bin \u0130ly\u00e2s, XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131 ile XV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f \u0130ranl\u0131 bir hekim ve t\u0131p yazar\u0131d\u0131r. Kaynaklarda tam ad\u0131 Mans\u00fbr bin Muhammed bin Ahmed bin Y\u00fbsuf bin \u0130ly\u00e2s olarak ge\u00e7er. Do\u011fum ve \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihleri kesin olarak bilinmemekle birlikte yakla\u015f\u0131k 1390\u20131410 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda eser verdi\u011fi kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr, d\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli bilim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezlerinden biri olan \u015eiraz\u2019da, hekimler ve bilginler yeti\u015ftiren bir aile i\u00e7inde yeti\u015fti. Anatomi bilgisini yaln\u0131zca kendi g\u00f6zlemlerine de\u011fil; Hipokrat, Aristoteles, Galenos, R\u00e2z\u00ee, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2 ve C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee gibi \u00f6nceki hekimlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u0131p miras\u0131na dayand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu nedenle Mans\u00fbr\u2019un \u00f6nemi insan anatomisini ilk kez ke\u015ffetmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaz. Onu t\u0131p tarihinde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan \u00f6zellik, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca aktar\u0131lan anatomik bilgileri sistemli bir Fars\u00e7a metinde toplayarak renkli tam beden \u015femalar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr\u2019un iki \u00f6nemli t\u0131p eseri bilinmektedir. Bunlardan biri genel t\u0131p konular\u0131n\u0131 ele alan Kif\u00e2ye-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em>, di\u011feri ise kendisine as\u0131l \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc kazand\u0131ran Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Beden-i \u0130nsan<\/em>d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kitab\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f tarihi konusunda kaynaklar aras\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 kataloglarda 1386, baz\u0131lar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 1390, kimi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda ise 1390\u20131396 tarihleri verilir. Bu nedenle eserin XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek daha do\u011fru ve ihtiyatl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kitab\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6rnekleri Mans\u00fbr\u2019un kendi elinden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcn n\u00fcshalar de\u011fildir. Eser, XV. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar farkl\u0131 hattatlar ve ressamlar taraf\u0131ndan tekrar tekrar \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerde bulunan n\u00fcshalar aras\u0131nda renk, yaz\u0131, fig\u00fcr ve anatomik ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla internette payla\u015f\u0131lan her levha i\u00e7in \u201cMans\u00fbr bin \u0130ly\u00e2s\u2019\u0131n 600 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00e7izimi\u201d demek do\u011fru olmayabilir. Daha do\u011fru ifade \u015fudur:<\/p>\n Bu \u00e7izimler, yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6nce meydana getirilen Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em> anatomi gelene\u011finin farkl\u0131 tarihlerde \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yazma n\u00fcshalar\u0131na aittir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em>, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda insan bedeninin ana sistemlerini ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 tam boy fig\u00fcrlerle g\u00f6steren bilinen en eski eserlerden biri kabul edilir. Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, kitab\u0131 insan bedeninin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steren resimler i\u00e7eren bilinen ilk \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 anatomi metni olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Eser i\u00e7in zaman zaman \u201cd\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk renkli anatomi atlas\u0131\u201d ifadesi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu niteleme a\u00e7\u0131klama gerektirir. Mans\u00fbr\u2019dan \u00f6nce de t\u0131bb\u00ee ve anatomik \u00e7izimler bulunuyordu. Eserin as\u0131l yenili\u011fi; kemik, sinir, kas ve damar sistemlerini renkli, d\u00fczenli ve tam boy insan fig\u00fcrlerinden olu\u015fan bir dizi halinde sunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kitap yakla\u015f\u0131k k\u0131rk yazma varaktan meydana gelir. Bir giri\u015fin ard\u0131ndan be\u015f ana anatomik sistem incelenir:<\/p>\n Son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise kalp, beyin ve di\u011fer \u201cbile\u015fik organlar\u201d ile ceninin olu\u015fumu ele al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n Eserin kemikler b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde insan iskeleti tam boy olarak g\u00f6sterilir. Fig\u00fcr genellikle arkadan \u00e7izilmi\u015f, ba\u015f ise ola\u011fan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bi\u00e7imde geriye do\u011fru \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece kafatas\u0131, omurga, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs kafesi, kollar, eller, le\u011fen kemi\u011fi, bacaklar ve ayaklar tek bir \u015fema \u00fczerinde g\u00f6sterilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kitab\u0131n baz\u0131 n\u00fcshalar\u0131nda kafatas\u0131ndaki diki\u015fleri, \u00fcst \u00e7ene kemiklerini ve di\u015flerin yerlerini g\u00f6steren daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7izimler de bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu iskelet levhas\u0131 modern bir anatomi atlas\u0131ndaki gibi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i de\u011fildir. Kemiklerin say\u0131s\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri ve birbirleriyle ili\u015fkileri kimi yerlerde hatal\u0131d\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen insan iskeletini bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak \u00f6\u011fretme amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6rsel ara\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n Payla\u015f\u0131lan tarih\u00ee levha kitab\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7ekici sayfalar\u0131ndan biridir. \u0130nsan fig\u00fcr\u00fc arkadan g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f; ba\u015f a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bi\u00e7imde geriye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, beyin \u015fematik b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve omurilik g\u00f6vdenin ortas\u0131nda uzun bir s\u00fctun halinde \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Omurilikten \u00e7\u0131karak omuzlara, kollara, g\u00f6vdeye ve bacaklara yay\u0131lan siyah, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, sar\u0131 ve ye\u015fil \u00e7izgiler \u00e7evresel sinirleri temsil eder. B\u00f6ylece beyin ve omurilikten ba\u015flayan sinir a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn bedene yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr, sinirlerin hem duyusal hem de hareketle ilgili g\u00f6revlerinden s\u00f6z eder. D\u00f6nemin Galenos\u00e7u anatomi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na uygun olarak yedi \u00e7ift kafa siniri ile otuz bir \u00e7ift omurilik sinirini ele al\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde on iki \u00e7ift kafa siniri kabul edildi\u011finden Mans\u00fbr\u2019un s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 modern n\u00f6roanatomiyle tamamen \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmez. Bununla birlikte merkezi sinir sistemiyle v\u00fccuda da\u011f\u0131lan sinirler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi tek bir \u015fekil \u00fczerinde g\u00f6stermesi son derece de\u011ferlidir.<\/p>\n Kaslar b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki tam boy fig\u00fcr, di\u011fer levhalardan farkl\u0131 olarak \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00f6nden g\u00f6sterilir. Kaslar, ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 lif yap\u0131lar\u0131yla de\u011fil, bedenin belirli b\u00f6lgelerine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u015fematik par\u00e7alar halinde tasvir edilir.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr\u2019un kaslara ili\u015fkin bilgisi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Galenos ve \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2 gelene\u011fine dayan\u0131r. Kaslar, insan\u0131n iradeli hareketlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren yap\u0131lar olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r; sinirlerle kaslar\u0131n i\u015flevleri aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7izim modern kas anatomisine g\u00f6re eksik olsa da ba\u015f, boyun, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs, kar\u0131n, kol ve bacak kaslar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Toplardamar levhas\u0131nda damarlar\u0131n v\u00fccuda yay\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilir. D\u00f6nemin t\u0131p anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6re toplardamarlar\u0131n merkezi karaci\u011ferdi. Besinlerin karaci\u011ferde kana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve toplardamarlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla v\u00fccuda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul ediliyordu.<\/p>\n Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bug\u00fcn ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir. Modern t\u0131p, kan\u0131n kalp taraf\u0131ndan pompalanarak kapal\u0131 bir dola\u015f\u0131m sistemi i\u00e7inde hareket etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Ancak William Harvey\u2019nin kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bilimsel olarak a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Mans\u00fbr\u2019un kitab\u0131 ise bundan iki y\u00fczy\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu nedenle toplardamar \u00e7izimini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz bilgileriyle \u00f6l\u00e7mekten \u00e7ok, XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l hekimlerinin insan bedenini nas\u0131l kavrad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren tarih\u00ee bir belge olarak de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir.<\/p>\n Atardamar levhas\u0131nda kalpten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen damarlar\u0131n ba\u015fa, g\u00f6vdeye ve uzuvlara da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 resmedilir. Atardamarlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 veya koyu kahverengi \u00e7izgilerle belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Galenos\u00e7u t\u0131p anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda atardamarlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca kan de\u011fil, ya\u015famsal ruh veya \u201chayat\u00ee nefes\u201d ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Mans\u00fbr\u2019un a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda da bu geleneksel fizyoloji anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n izleri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Atardamar ve toplardamarlar\u0131n ayr\u0131 levhalarda g\u00f6sterilmesi, bedenin damar a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fmedir. Ancak \u00e7izimler modern dola\u015f\u0131m sistemi bilgisini temsil etmez.<\/p>\n Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em>\u2019nin en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00e7izimlerinden biri, rahim i\u00e7indeki cenini g\u00f6steren kad\u0131n fig\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu levha, kitab\u0131n sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ceninin olu\u015fumu ve bile\u015fik organlarla birlikte yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, iskelet, sinir, kas ve damar \u00e7izimlerinin daha eski \u015fematik geleneklerden etkilenmi\u015f olabilece\u011fini; gebe kad\u0131n tasvirinin ise Mans\u00fbr\u00ee gelene\u011finin daha \u00f6zg\u00fcn katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n Ancak bu resim de do\u011frudan g\u00f6zleme dayanan ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir embriyoloji \u00e7izimi de\u011fildir. Cenin, yeti\u015fkin insan\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir bi\u00e7imi gibi resmedilmi\u015f; rahim ve annenin i\u00e7 organlar\u0131 \u015fematik olarak yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Buna ra\u011fmen hamileli\u011fi ve cenin geli\u015fimini anatomi kitab\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirmesi, d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re dikkat \u00e7ekici bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr\u00ee \u00e7izimlerinin en ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelli\u011fi, insan fig\u00fcrlerinin \u00e7\u00f6melir veya ba\u011fda\u015f kurar bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6sterilmesi ve ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geriye \u00e7evrilmesidir.<\/p>\n Bu duru\u015fun birka\u00e7 muhtemel nedeni vard\u0131r. Fig\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6melmesi, insan bedenini dar ve uzun bir yazma sayfas\u0131na s\u0131\u011fd\u0131rmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olabilir. Bacaklar\u0131n iki yana a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, kas\u0131k b\u00f6lgesine uzanan damar ve sinirlerin daha a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6sterilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015f\u0131n geriye \u00e7evrilmesi ise a\u011f\u0131z, \u00e7ene, boyun ve kafatas\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7inde resmedilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n Benzer fig\u00fcrler Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa ve Asya yazmalar\u0131nda da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu \u00e7izimler bazen \u201cbe\u015f resim dizisi\u201d veya \u201c\u0130skenderiye \u015femalar\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 verilen eski bir anatomik resim gelene\u011fiyle ili\u015fkilendirilmektedir. Bununla birlikte gelene\u011fin tam olarak nerede do\u011fdu\u011fu ve \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na hangi yollarla ge\u00e7ti\u011fi kesin de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr\u2019un insan kadavralar\u0131 \u00fczerinde d\u00fczenli diseksiyon yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin kesin bir belge yoktur. Eserin anatomik bilgileri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Galenos, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2 ve di\u011fer eski hekimlerin kitaplar\u0131na dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu nedenle \u00e7izimler do\u011frudan bir kadavra kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i resimler de\u011fil, metinlerde aktar\u0131lan bilgileri g\u00f6rselle\u015ftiren \u00f6\u011fretici \u015femalard\u0131r. Organlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri, omur say\u0131lar\u0131, damarlar\u0131n y\u00f6nleri ve sinirlerin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 modern anatomiyle b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle uyu\u015fmaz.<\/p>\n Fakat bilim tarihindeki bir eseri yaln\u0131zca bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bilgilerle yarg\u0131lamak do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em>, kendi d\u00f6neminin bilgi birikimini d\u00fczenlemi\u015f ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin beden sistemlerini g\u00f6rerek \u00f6\u011frenmesine imk\u00e2n veren \u00f6nemli bir e\u011fitim arac\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Avrupa\u2019da modern anatominin en \u00f6nemli d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan biri, Andreas Vesalius\u2019un 1543\u2019te yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 De Humani Corporis Fabrica<\/em> adl\u0131 eseridir. Vesalius, do\u011frudan insan diseksiyonlar\u0131na dayanan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7izimleriyle Galenos\u2019un bir\u00e7ok hatas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltti.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr\u2019un eseri Vesalius\u2019un ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilimsel ve g\u00f6rsel ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ilik d\u00fczeyinde de\u011fildir. Ancak ondan yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 y\u0131l \u00f6nce insan bedeninin ana sistemlerini ayr\u0131 renkli levhalar halinde sunmu\u015ftur. Bu durum, Orta \u00c7a\u011f \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda t\u0131bb\u00ee bilginin yaln\u0131zca terc\u00fcme edilmedi\u011fini; s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yorumland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00f6rsel \u00f6\u011fretim malzemesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em>, yaln\u0131zca eski bir anatomi kitab\u0131 de\u011fildir. Eser, insan\u0131n kendi bedenini anlamaya y\u00f6nelik uzun ve zorlu aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tarih\u00ee belgelerinden biridir.<\/p>\n Mans\u00fbr bin \u0130ly\u00e2s\u2019\u0131n \u00e7izimlerinde beyin, omurilik, sinirler, kemikler, kaslar ve damarlar, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anatomi atlaslar\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz kesinlikle de\u011fil; XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n bilimsel dili ve estetik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131, eksikleri ve sembolik anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen eser, anatomik bilgiyi g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme tarihinde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n Alt\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan bu sayfalara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda yaln\u0131zca eski bir insan fig\u00fcr\u00fc g\u00f6rmeyiz. Bilginin ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, farkl\u0131 uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n birbirlerinden \u00f6\u011frenmesini ve insan\u0131n kendi bedenine y\u00f6neltti\u011fi bitmeyen merak\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz.<\/p>\n Bilim, t\u0131p ve sanat, Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee<\/em>\u2019nin sararm\u0131\u015f sayfalar\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 birlikte ya\u015famaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Not: Haz\u0131rlanan kolaj\u0131n merkezinde payla\u015f\u0131lan tarih\u00ee sinir sistemi levhas\u0131 esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7evresindeki iskelet, kas, damar ve cenin panolar\u0131, eserin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini tan\u0131tmak amac\u0131yla Mans\u00fbr\u00ee yazmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcslubundan hareketle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f temsili canland\u0131rmalard\u0131r; tek bir \u00f6zg\u00fcn yazma n\u00fcshas\u0131n\u0131n sayfalar\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/em><\/p>\n Bilim, t\u0131p ve sanat tarihinin kesi\u015fti\u011fi en dikkat \u00e7ekici eserlerden biri, XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda \u015eiraz\u2019da kaleme al\u0131nan Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Beden-i \u0130nsand\u0131r. Daha \u00e7ok Te\u015fr\u00eeh-i Mans\u00fbr\u00ee, yani \u201cMans\u00fbr\u2019un Anatomisi\u201d ad\u0131yla bilinen bu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1051,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1050","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makale"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1050","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1050"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1050\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1052,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1050\/revisions\/1052"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1050"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1050"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\u015eirazl\u0131 hekim Mans\u00fbr bin \u0130ly\u00e2s<\/h2>\n
Eser ne zaman yaz\u0131ld\u0131?<\/h2>\n
\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk resimli tam beden anatomilerinden biri<\/h2>\n
\n
\u0130skelet sistemi levhas\u0131<\/h2>\n
Beyin, omurilik ve sinir sistemi<\/h2>\n
Kas sistemi<\/h2>\n
Toplardamar sistemi<\/h2>\n
Atardamar sistemi<\/h2>\n
Gebe kad\u0131n ve rahimdeki cenin<\/h2>\n
Fig\u00fcrler neden \u00e7\u00f6melmi\u015f ve ba\u015flar\u0131 geriye \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir?<\/h2>\n
\u00c7izimler kadavra incelemesine mi dayan\u0131yor?<\/h2>\n
Vesalius\u2019tan yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 y\u0131l \u00f6nce<\/h2>\n
Bilim, t\u0131p ve sanat\u0131n ortak sayfas\u0131<\/h2>\n
Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h3>\n
\n