{"id":901,"date":"2025-09-08T08:22:10","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T08:22:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/?p=901"},"modified":"2025-09-08T08:22:10","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T08:22:10","slug":"alevi-bektasi-kadim-bilgilerinde-cehennem-azap-ehl-i-beyt-nuruna-baglilik-ve-kurtulus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/?p=901","title":{"rendered":"ALEV\u0130-BEKTA\u015e\u0130 KAD\u0130M B\u0130LG\u0130LER\u0130NDE CEHENNEM AZAP EHL-\u0130 BEYT NURUNA BA\u011eLILIK VE KURTULU\u015e"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Cehennem, Azap ve Kurtulu\u015fun Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee Yorumu

Mehmet \u00d6zg\u00fcr Ersan \u2013 Yesari Abdal

Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee irfan\u0131nda cehennem ve azap, yaln\u0131zca ahirette beklenen mek\u00e2nsal bir ger\u00e7eklik de\u011fil; insan\u0131n i\u00e7sel yolculu\u011funun sembolleri olarak de\u011ferlendirilir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, Kur\u2019an ayetleri, hadisler, menk\u0131beler ve nefesler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015fekillenir. Bu makalede cehennem, m\u00fcminlik, Ehl-i Beyt nuruna ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ve kurtulu\u015f kavramlar\u0131 hem Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee gelene\u011finin yorumlar\u0131 hem de nefeslerle ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.

Nefes

Bismi\u015fah, Allah Allah!

Cehennem ate\u015fi, nefsin nar\u0131d\u0131r,
K\u00fcl eder cahili, g\u00f6n\u00fcl dar\u0131d\u0131r.
Ehl-i Beyt yoluna d\u00fc\u015fen var\u0131d\u0131r,
Kurtulu\u015f Hasan\u2019la H\u00fcseyin\u2019dedir.

M\u00fcmin odur, s\u0131rr\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcp saklayan,
Marifet suyuyla g\u00f6nl\u00fcn paklayan,
Hak a\u015fk\u0131yla yan\u0131p can\u0131 yaklayan,
Saadet nurunu o dem buldad\u0131r.

Azap dedi\u011fin, kinle, hasetle gelir,
\u0130rfan yolundan kimseye erdem bilir,
Ali\u2019ye muhabbet s\u0131rra yol verir,
Hak kap\u0131s\u0131n a\u00e7an o a\u015fk g\u00fcldedir.

Yesari Abdal der: dosttan ayr\u0131lma,
H\u00fcseyin meydan\u0131nda a\u015fk\u0131 yitirme,
Hasan\u2019\u0131n sabr\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nl\u00fcne alma,
Ebed\u00ee saadet o dem yoldad\u0131r.

Cehennemin Hakikati

Cehennem, Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee irfan\u0131nda ki\u015finin kendi nefs-i emm\u00e2resiyle y\u00fczle\u015fmesidir. Kur\u2019an\u2019da cehennem, \u201cyak\u0131t\u0131 insanlar ve ta\u015flar olan ate\u015f\u201d olarak zikredilir (Bakara 2\/24). \u0130rfan\u00ee bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla bu ayet, ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f kalbin ve kat\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6nl\u00fcn yan\u0131\u015f\u0131na i\u015faret eder. Yani hakikatten uzak d\u00fc\u015fen insan, d\u0131\u015fsal bir ate\u015fe girmeden kendi nefsinin ate\u015fiyle yanar.

Niyazi M\u0131sr\u00ee (\u00f6. 1694) bir \u015fiirinde bunu \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirir:

\u201cAte\u015f-i ceh\u00eem de\u011fil, nefsin odudur seni yakan,
Hak yolunda yanmayan\u0131, cehennem yakar sonunda.\u201d

M\u00fcminli\u011fin Derin Yorumu

\u201cM\u00fcmin\u201d kavram\u0131, Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee gelene\u011finde yaln\u0131zca zahirde iman eden de\u011fil, marifetle hakikati idrak eden ki\u015fiyi ifade eder. Bekta\u015f\u00ee nefeslerinde bu hakikat \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirilir:

\u201cM\u00fcmin olan Ali\u2019ye yar,
\u0130nk\u00e2rc\u0131ya azap var.\u201d

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kurtulu\u015f, yaln\u0131zca kelime-i \u015fahadet getirmekle de\u011fil; irfan, hizmet ve muhabbet yoluna girmekle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u201c\u0130man\u201d marifetsiz eksik, marifet imans\u0131z ise anlams\u0131zd\u0131r.

Ehl-i Beyt Nuruna Ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k

Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee yolunda as\u0131l saadet, Ehl-i Beyt\u2019in nuruna ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131ktad\u0131r. Hz. Hasan sabr\u0131n, Hz. H\u00fcseyin ise adalet u\u011fruna fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Peygamber\u2019in \u015fu hadisi bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 destekler:
\u201cHasan ve H\u00fcseyin cennet gen\u00e7lerinin efendisidir.\u201d (Tirmiz\u00ee, Men\u00e2k\u0131b, 31)

Nefeslerde bu ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirilir:

\u201cHasan\u2019\u0131n sabr\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nl\u00fcne al,
H\u00fcseyin meydanda can\u0131n\u0131 ver kal.
Onlar\u0131n nuruna y\u00f6nelen kul,
Kurtulur ate\u015ften, a\u015fk nurundad\u0131r.\u201d
(Yesari Abdal)

Ehl-i Beyt\u2019e muhabbet yaln\u0131z duygusal bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fil; ahl\u00e2k\u00ee ve irfan\u00ee bir y\u00f6neli\u015ftir.

Kurtulu\u015fun Yolu

Kurtulu\u015f, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan beklenen bir \u201ckurtar\u0131c\u0131\u201d ile de\u011fil, insan\u0131n kendi i\u00e7indeki Hak nurunu Ehl-i Beyt yolunda a\u00e7mas\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee nefeslerinde bu \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirilir:

\u201cMuhabbetten Muhammed do\u011far,
Hakikatten Ali g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.\u201d

Cennet, muhabbetle dolan g\u00f6n\u00fcllerde; cehennem ise muhabbetten uzak kalplerde tecelli eder. Bu sebeple Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee yolunda muhabbet, hem iman hem de kurtulu\u015fun \u00f6z\u00fc kabul edilir.

Cehennem, Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee irfan\u0131nda insan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki nefs-i emm\u00e2renin sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr. M\u00fcminlik, s\u0131radan bir inan\u00e7 hali de\u011fil; marifetle olgunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir idraktir. Ehl-i Beyt\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k, ebed\u00ee saadetin anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek kurtulu\u015f ise muhabbet ve irfanla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. B\u00f6ylece azap, bir tehdit olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar; insan\u0131 hakikate y\u00f6nelten i\u00e7sel bir terbiye olur.

Devriye

Bismi\u015fah, Allah Allah!

Evvelde yarat\u0131ld\u0131 nur-u Muhammed,
O nurdan a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 s\u0131rra nice med,
Cehennem ate\u015fi nefsin azmed,
Kurtulu\u015f Hasan\u2019la H\u00fcseyin\u2019dedir.

Bir dem gelir g\u00f6n\u00fcl zulmetle dolar,
Karanl\u0131k bas\u0131nca a\u015fk ate\u015fi yanar,
Ehl-i Beyt nuruyla kurtulu\u015f ba\u015flar,
Hak kap\u0131s\u0131 Ali\u2019nin elindedir.

M\u00fcmin demek irfan ile bilen,
Hakikati \u00f6zde bulup se\u00e7en,
K\u00fcfr\u00fcn ate\u015finden g\u00f6nl\u00fcn ge\u00e7iren,
Hak nasibi marifet g\u00f6l\u00fcndedir.

Azap dedi\u011fin kinle, kibirle gelir,
Cahilin kalbine kor ate\u015f sal\u0131r,
Muhabbet ehline rahmet d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr,
Kurtulu\u015f a\u015fk ile muhabbetdedir.

Yesari Abdal der: devran d\u00f6ner hakka,
Cehennem i\u00e7redir, kurtulu\u015f a\u015fkda,
Hasan sabr u H\u00fcseyin \u015fehadetle,
Ebed\u00ee saadet onlar\u0131n nurundad\u0131r.

Mehmet \u00d6zg\u00fcr Ersan Abdal Yesari

Kaynak\u00e7a
1. Kaygusuz Abdal, Divan, haz. Abd\u00fclbaki G\u00f6lp\u0131narl\u0131, \u0130stanbul: 1944.
2. Vilayetname-i Hac\u0131 Bekta\u015f Veli, haz. Abd\u00fclbaki G\u00f6lp\u0131narl\u0131, Ankara: 1958.
3. S\u0131dk\u0131 Baba, Nefesler, haz. Fuat Bozkurt, \u0130stanbul: 1990.
4. Niyazi M\u0131sr\u00ee, Divan, haz. Abd\u00fclbaki G\u00f6lp\u0131narl\u0131, \u0130stanbul: 1965.
5. Tirmiz\u00ee, S\u00fcnen, \u201cMen\u00e2k\u0131b\u201d, Bab 31.

Nak\u0131\u015f : A depiction of Muhammad visiting Jahannam; artwork from Miraj Nameh.

Hz. Muhammed’in Cehennem’i ziyaretini tasvir eden bir resim; Mira\u00e7 Name’den bir sanat eseri.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Cehennem, Azap ve Kurtulu\u015fun Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee YorumuMehmet \u00d6zg\u00fcr Ersan \u2013 Yesari AbdalAlev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee irfan\u0131nda cehennem ve azap, yaln\u0131zca ahirette beklenen mek\u00e2nsal bir ger\u00e7eklik de\u011fil; insan\u0131n i\u00e7sel yolculu\u011funun sembolleri olarak de\u011ferlendirilir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":902,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makale","category-nefes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=901"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":903,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901\/revisions\/903"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=901"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}