{"id":905,"date":"2025-09-10T09:18:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T09:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/?p=905"},"modified":"2025-09-10T09:18:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T09:18:00","slug":"kitabi-cabbar-kulu-alevi-bektasi-klasikleri-haza-nafi%ca%bful-mu%ca%beminin-metni-ve-alevi-bektasi-irfaninda-yorumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/?p=905","title":{"rendered":"K\u0130TABI CABBAR KULU ALEV\u00ce-BEKTA\u015e\u00ce KLAS\u0130KLER\u0130 H\u00e2z\u00e2 N\u00e2fi\u02bf\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fc\u02bemin\u00een Metni ve Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee \u0130rfan\u0131nda Yorumu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Giri\u015f<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Osmanl\u0131ca metinlerde s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlanan \u201cH\u00e2z\u00e2 N\u00e2fi\u02bf\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fc\u02bemin\u00een\u201d ibaresi, \u201cM\u00fcminlere fayda veren\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Elimizdeki metin de bu ba\u015fl\u0131kla a\u00e7\u0131lmakta ve klasik bir besmele, hamdele ve salvele ile ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan gayb \u00e2leminin nur olu\u015fu, insan-\u0131 k\u00e2milin kalbinin Ar\u015f-\u0131 \u00c2zam\u2019dan geni\u015fli\u011fi, ilm-i led\u00fcnn\u00eenin ancak ubudiyetle ve m\u00fcr\u015fid sohbetiyle kazan\u0131labilece\u011fi vurgulan\u0131r. Peygamber\u2019in \u201cAshab\u0131m y\u0131ld\u0131zlara benzer\u201d ve \u201cUlem\u00e2 \u00fcmmetimin peygamberleridir\u201d hadisleri de bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Son k\u0131s\u0131mda ise, Hak yolunun \u201cg\u00fcl ve diken\u201d sembolizmiyle sab\u0131r ve a\u015fk temeli \u00fczerine kurulu oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Bu makalede, s\u00f6z konusu metni Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee irfan\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirece\u011fiz.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Gayb \u00c2lemi ve Nur Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Metinde, gayb \u00e2leminin \u201cnur\u201d oldu\u011fu ve b\u00fct\u00fcn mevcudat\u0131n o nurdan meydana geldi\u011fi belirtilmektedir. Bu ifade, Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee gelene\u011finde N\u00fbr-\u0131 Muhammed\u00ee ve N\u00fbr-\u0131 Al\u00ee doktriniyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n asl\u0131 bir nurdur; Hak, evreni nurdan yaratm\u0131\u015f ve bu nur insan\u0131n g\u00f6nl\u00fcnde tecelli etmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0130nsan-\u0131 K\u00e2mil ve G\u00f6n\u00fcl Derg\u00e2h\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201c\u0130ns\u00e2n-\u0131 k\u00e2milin kalbi, Ar\u015f-\u0131 \u00c2zam\u2019dan geni\u015ftir\u201d c\u00fcmlesi, tasavvuf\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede insan\u0131n g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fcn evrenden de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131r mahfazas\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlat\u0131r. Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee yolunda g\u00f6n\u00fcl bir \u201cderg\u00e2h\u201dt\u0131r; orada Hak ve b\u00e2t\u0131n s\u0131rlar\u0131 cem olur. Niyaz\u00ee-i M\u0131sr\u00ee\u2019nin, Yunus Emre\u2019nin ve Pir Sultan\u2019\u0131n nefeslerinde bu g\u00f6n\u00fcl derg\u00e2h\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a i\u015flenmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0130lm-i Led\u00fcnn\u00ee ve Sohbet Mektebi<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Metin, ubudiyetle me\u015fgul olan\u0131n \u201cilm-i led\u00fcnn\u00ee\u201dye kavu\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak bunun kitapla de\u011fil, P\u00eerlerin sohbetinde bulunmakla ve onlar\u0131n hizmetinde bulunmakla elde edilece\u011fini vurgular. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f, Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee yolunun \u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr: sohbet mektebi. \u0130lim, zahir\u00ee e\u011fitimden \u00e7ok h\u00e2l aktar\u0131m\u0131yla kazan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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M\u00fcr\u015fid ve Rehberlik Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Peygamber\u2019in \u201cAshab\u0131m y\u0131ld\u0131zlara benzer\u201d hadisi metinde aktar\u0131larak m\u00fcr\u015fidlerin rehberli\u011fi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee gelene\u011finde m\u00fcr\u015fid, y\u0131ld\u0131z gibi yol g\u00f6stericidir; karanl\u0131kta y\u00f6n bulmay\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u201cUlem\u00e2 \u00fcmmetimin peygamberleridir\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc de vel\u00e2yet zincirinin peygamber miras\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eder.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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G\u00fcl ve Diken Sembolizmi<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Son k\u0131s\u0131mda yer alan \u201cHer kim ki bir g\u00fcl derse, nice dikenlere sabr eyleye\u201d ifadesi, tasavvufun sab\u0131r ve a\u015fk yolculu\u011funu \u00f6zetler. Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee edebiyat\u0131nda g\u00fcl, Hz. Muhammed\u2019i ve il\u00e2h\u00ee a\u015fk\u0131; diken ise nefsin terbiyesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilen s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 simgeler. Bu yol, hem g\u00fclistan\u0131n g\u00fczelli\u011fi hem de b\u00fclb\u00fcl\u00fcn feryad\u0131 ile doludur.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Nefes<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Kalbim ar\u015ftan da geni\u015f, s\u0131rlar\u0131n mek\u00e2n\u0131d\u0131r,<\/div>\n
Gayb\u0131n n\u00fbru orada, a\u015fk ile devran\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Bir g\u00fcl dersem ey can\u0131m, dikenler de yolda\u015f\u0131m,<\/div>\n
B\u00fclb\u00fcl gibi fery\u00e2da, g\u00f6nl\u00fcm\u00fcn niyaz\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Her hizmette kem\u00e2l var, sohbet bir s\u0131r a\u00e7and\u0131r,<\/div>\n
Led\u00fcn ilmi g\u00f6n\u00fclde, m\u00fcr\u015fid nazar sa\u00e7and\u0131r.<\/div>\n
Ashab y\u0131ld\u0131z mis\u00e2li, yol karanl\u0131kta \u0131\u015f\u0131k,<\/div>\n
Ulem\u00e2 peygamberdir, hakikate u\u00e7and\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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G\u00fcl bah\u00e7esi Hak yolu, diken sab\u0131r imtihan,<\/div>\n
\u0130\u00e7tik\u00e7e a\u015fk \u015farab\u0131, yanar n\u00e2r-\u0131 canan.<\/div>\n
Yesari\u2019yim a\u015fk ile, her nefeste \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131m,<\/div>\n
Bir ben vard\u0131r i\u00e7imde, ad\u0131n\u0131 bilmez insan.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cH\u00e2z\u00e2 N\u00e2fi\u02bf\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fc\u02bemin\u00een\u201d metni, Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee yolunun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tan kavramlar\u0131 ihtiva etmektedir: Nur anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, insan-\u0131 k\u00e2milin kalbi, ilm-i led\u00fcnn\u00ee, m\u00fcr\u015fid rehberli\u011fi ve g\u00fcl-diken sembolizmi. Bu metin, yaln\u0131zca Osmanl\u0131ca bir tasavvuf\u00ee nasihat metni de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee yolunun klasik irfan \u00f6\u011fretilerinin bir \u00f6zeti niteli\u011findedir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Mehmet \u00d6zg\u00fcr Ersan Abdal Yesari<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Kaynak\u00e7a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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1. \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Arab\u00ee, F\u00fct\u00fbh\u00e2t\u00fc\u2019l-Mekkiyye, Kahire: D\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-K\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-Arabiyye, 1911.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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2. Yunus Emre Divan\u0131, Haz. Faruk Kadri Timurta\u015f, \u0130stanbul: MEB Yay., 1990.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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3. Vil\u00e2yetn\u00e2me-i Hac\u0131 Bekta\u015f-\u0131 Veli, Haz. Abd\u00fclbaki G\u00f6lp\u0131narl\u0131, \u0130stanbul: Der Yay., 1995.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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4. Niyaz\u00ee-i M\u0131sr\u00ee, Divan, Haz. Kenan Erdo\u011fan, Ankara: Ak\u00e7a\u011f Yay., 2001.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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5. Ocak, Ahmet Ya\u015far, Bekta\u015f\u00ee Men\u00e2k\u0131bn\u00e2melerinde \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00d6ncesi \u0130nan\u00e7 Motifleri, Ankara: T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu Yay., 1983.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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6. K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc, Fuad, T\u00fcrk Tasavvuf Tarihi Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131: \u0130lk Mutasavv\u0131flar, Ankara: TTK Yay., 2003.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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7. Melikoff, Irene, Uyur \u0130dik Uyard\u0131lar: Alev\u00eelik-Bekta\u015f\u00eelik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, \u0130stanbul: Cem Yay., 1993.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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8. Birge, John Kingsley, The Bektashi Order of Dervishes, London: Luzac Oriental, 1937.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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9. Ersal, Mehmet Ali, Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee \u0130rfan\u0131 ve \u015eiir Gelene\u011fi, Ankara: Grafiker Yay., 2016.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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10. G\u00f6lp\u0131narl\u0131, Abd\u00fclbaki, Tasavvuf, \u0130stanbul: \u0130nk\u0131lap Yay., 1982.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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11. Ayta\u00e7, Ahmet Ya\u015far, Alevilik ve Bekta\u015filik: \u0130nan\u0131\u015f, Gelenek ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr, \u0130stanbul: Horasan Yay., 2014.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Dipnotlar (\u00f6rnekleme ama\u00e7l\u0131)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cGayb \u00e2lemi nurdur\u201d ifadesi \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Arab\u00ee\u2019nin N\u00fbr-\u0131 Muhammed\u00ee doktrinini hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r.^1<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201c\u0130nsan-\u0131 k\u00e2milin kalbi, Ar\u015f-\u0131 \u00c2zam\u2019dan geni\u015ftir\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, Niyaz\u00ee-i M\u0131sr\u00ee\u2019nin \u015fiirlerinde de s\u0131k\u00e7a vurgulan\u0131r.^4<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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G\u00fcl ve diken sembolizmi, hem Yunus Emre\u2019nin hem de Pir Sultan Abdal\u2019\u0131n nefeslerinde a\u015fk\u0131n bedeli olarak i\u015flenmi\u015ftir.^2,5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u201cAshab\u0131m y\u0131ld\u0131zlara benzer\u201d hadisinin Alev\u00ee-Bekta\u015f\u00ee yorumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bkz. Ocak.^5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Led\u00fcn ilminin sohbet ve hizmet yoluyla aktar\u0131lmas\u0131, Bekta\u015f\u00ee men\u00e2k\u0131bn\u00e2melerinde \u201csohbet mektebi\u201d kavram\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r.^3,7<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\"\"<\/div>\n
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H\u00e2z\u00e2 N\u00e2fi\u02bf\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fc\u02bemin\u00een

\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645

El-hamd\u00fc lill\u00e2hi\u2019l-b\u00e2ri\u2019i\u2019l-m\u00fcn\u00eeni ve\u2019t-t\u00e2hiri ve\u2019s-s\u00e2f\u00ee ve\u2019s-sal\u00e2t\u00fc al\u00e2 Res\u00fblin\u00e2 Muhammedin ve \u00e2lih\u00ee ve sahbih\u00ee ecma\u02bf\u00een.

Ve ba\u02bfd\u00fc: Ma\u02bfl\u00fbm ola ki, gayb \u00e2lemi nurdur. Evvel odur. B\u00fct\u00fcn mevc\u00fbd\u00e2t \u00e2n\u0131n v\u00fcc\u00fbdundan h\u00e2s\u0131ld\u0131r. Hazret-i P\u00e2di\u015f\u00e2h-\u0131 \u02bf\u00e2lem-r\u00fby, d\u00fcny\u00e2 ve m\u00e2f\u00eeh\u00e2ya d\u00e2\u02beim s\u00e2hib olup, her ne ki takd\u00eer olunmu\u015f ola, Hazret-i Allah\u2019tan ma\u02bfd\u00e2 hi\u00e7 kimse an\u0131 bilmez.

\u0130ns\u00e2n-\u0131 k\u00e2milin kalbi, \u02bfAr\u015f-\u0131 A\u02bfzam\u2019dan geni\u015ftir. Hak Te\u02bf\u00e2l\u00e2 an\u0131 \u00f6yle yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki, gayb ve \u015fuh\u00fbdu c\u00fcmle an\u0131n kalbinde cem\u02bf olmu\u015ftur. Ve ol kalbde nice s\u0131rlar ve \u02bful\u00fbm mahf\u00fbzdur.

Her kim ki, Hak Te\u02bf\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019ya \u02bfub\u00fbdiyyet ile me\u015fg\u00fbl ola, Hak Te\u02bf\u00e2l\u00e2 an\u0131 \u02bful\u00fbm-\u0131 led\u00fcnniyye ile m\u00fc\u015ferref ede. Ve ol kimse an\u0131 idr\u00e2k edemeye. Ancak P\u00eerlerin ve Evliy\u00e2n\u0131n sohbetinde bulunmakla ve onlar\u0131n hizmetinde s\u00e2hib-i h\u00e2l olmakla k\u00e2mil olur.

P\u00e2di\u015f\u00e2h-\u0131 m\u00fckerrem ve Sult\u00e2n-\u0131 \u02bfaz\u00eem Hazret-i Mustafa sallall\u00e2hu \u02bfaleyhi ve sellem buyurur:
\u201cBenim ash\u00e2b\u0131m y\u0131ld\u0131zlara benzer, hangisine t\u00e2bi\u02bf olsan\u0131z hid\u00e2yet bulursunuz.\u201d

Ve dahi: \u201cUlem\u00e2 \u00fcmmetimin peygamberleridir.\u201d buyurmu\u015ftur.

\u015eu h\u00e2lde m\u00fcr\u00eedin mur\u00e2d\u0131, m\u00fcr\u015fid-i k\u00e2mile r\u00e2b\u0131ta ile v\u00e2s\u0131l ola. Her ne ki ol m\u00fcr\u015fid derse, an\u0131 kab\u00fbl ede. Z\u00eer\u00e2 m\u00fcr\u015fid-i k\u00e2mil, Hakk\u2019\u0131n mazhar\u0131d\u0131r.

Ve dahi bu fak\u00eer der ki:
\u201cHer kim ki bir g\u00fcl derse, nice dikenlere sabr eyleye. Her kim ki g\u00fclist\u00e2na gire, nice b\u00fclb\u00fcl\u00fcn n\u00e2lesini i\u015fide.\u201d<\/p>\n
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<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giri\u015f Osmanl\u0131ca metinlerde s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlanan \u201cH\u00e2z\u00e2 N\u00e2fi\u02bf\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fc\u02bemin\u00een\u201d ibaresi, \u201cM\u00fcminlere fayda veren\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Elimizdeki metin de bu ba\u015fl\u0131kla a\u00e7\u0131lmakta ve klasik bir besmele, hamdele ve salvele ile ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan gayb…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":907,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makale","category-nefes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/905","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=905"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/905\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":908,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/905\/revisions\/908"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/907"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=905"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=905"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetozgurersan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=905"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}